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Marketing Glossary· ROBOTS

What is Robots.txt?

By Nikhil Sharma · Updated 1 November 2026 · Marketing Glossary
Definition

Robots.txt is a text file at the root of a website that tells search engine crawlers which URLs they are allowed or disallowed to crawl.

What is robots.txt?

Located at yourdomain.com/robots.txt, this file gives instructions to crawlers — which directories or pages to skip, and where the XML sitemap is. It is the first thing most crawlers check.

What it does NOT do

Robots.txt controls crawling, not indexing. A page blocked in robots.txt can still appear in search if it is linked elsewhere — to keep a page out of the index, use a noindex meta tag instead (and do not block it in robots.txt, or Google cannot see the noindex).

Common uses

  • Block admin, staging or internal URLs from crawling.
  • Point crawlers to the XML sitemap.
  • Manage crawl budget on large sites.
  • Avoid crawling infinite filter/parameter URLs.
Related terms
Crawl BudgetIndexingCanonicalSEOHreflang
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Written & reviewed by Nikhil Sharma
Founder, Fabulous Media
Nikhil has led growth for 850+ brands across 35 nations since 2008. Fabulous Media is an invitation-only growth agency that reports on pipeline and revenue, not vanity metrics. Meet the team · Request an invite.

Questions, answered

It tells search engine crawlers which parts of a site they may or may not crawl, and points them to the sitemap. It is used to keep crawlers away from admin, staging or low-value URLs.

No. It controls crawling, not indexing. A disallowed page can still be indexed if linked elsewhere. To prevent indexing, use a noindex meta tag and leave the page crawlable so Google can see it.

At the root of the domain — for example, https://example.com/robots.txt. Crawlers check this location automatically before crawling the site.

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